|
|
|
|
|
| Ducey, Tom; Ippolito, J.A.; Cantrell, K.B.; Novak, J.M.; Lentz, R.D.. |
| It has been demonstrated that soil amended with biochar, designed specifically for use as a soil conditioner, results in changes to the microbial populations that reside therein. These changes have been reflected in studies measuring variations in microbial activity, biomass, and community structure. Despite these studies, very few experiments have been performed examining microbial genes involved in nutrient cycling processes. Given the paucity of research in this area, we designed a six-month study in a Portneuf soil (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) treated with three levels (1%, 2%, and 10% w/w ratio) of a biochar pyrolyzed from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) at 350°C and steam activated at 800°C to measure the... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Amendments; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Soil. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1517/1/1481.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Ippolito, J.A.; Spokas, K.A.; Novak, J.M.; Lentz, R.D.; Cantrell, K.B.. |
| Biochar is the carbonaceous solid byproduct of the thermochemical conversion of a carbon-bearing organic material, commonly high in cellulose, hemicelluloses, or lignin content, for the purposes of carbon sequestration and storage. More specifically, the thermal conversion process known as pyrolysis occurs when carbon-containing substances are introduced to elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen at varying residence times, yielding biochar. Several pyrolysis techniques employed to produce biochar differ in the temperature of reaction and residence time in the reactor. Different reactor residence times are described as slow (hours to days), fast (seconds to minutes), and flash (seconds). Fast or flash pyrolysis typically occurs around 500oC with... |
| Tipo: Book Section |
Palavras-chave: Fertility; Soil quality; Fertilizer. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1590/1/1547.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Ippolito, J.A.; Ducey, Tom; Cantrell, K.B.; Novak, J.M.; Lentz, R.D.. |
| An acidic (pH 5.8) biochar was created using a low pyrolysis temperature (350 degrees celsius) and steam activation to potentially improve the soil physicochemical status of an eroded calcareous soil. Biochar was added at 0, 1, 2, and 10 percent (by weight) to an eroded Portneuf soil (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) and destructively sampled at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 month intervals. Soil was analyzed for volumetric water content, pH, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, plant-available iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and phosphorus, organic carbon, carbon dioxide respiration, and microbial enumeration via extractable DNA and 16S rRNA gene copies. Soil water content increased with biochar application regardless of rate;... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Calcareous soil; Chemistry; Soil. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1598/1/1556.pdf |
| |
|
|
|
